🔑Praising a child's intelligence can lead to performance goals instead of learning goals.
🔑Effort-based feedback encourages children to pick more challenging tasks.
🔑Children who receive intelligence praise are more likely to stick to easy tasks.
🔑Children who receive effort praise outperform those who receive intelligence praise.
🔑Rewarding effort leads to better performance than rewarding identity labels.
Does praising a child's intelligence motivate them?
—No, praising a child's intelligence can actually undermine their motivation and performance.
What kind of praise improves performance?
—Effort-based praise, such as praising a child's effort and persistence, improves performance.
What are performance goals?
—Performance goals are when children choose tasks that allow them to receive praise for their intelligence or talent.
What are learning goals?
—Learning goals are when children choose challenging tasks that allow them to learn and improve.
What should parents and teachers be cautious about when giving feedback?
—Parents and teachers should be cautious about giving feedback tied to a child's identity, such as calling them smart or talented. It's better to focus on praising their effort and persistence.
00:02The research paper discusses the impact of praise on children's motivation and performance.
01:13Praising a child's intelligence can undermine their motivation and performance.
02:32Children who receive intelligence praise tend to choose easy tasks.
03:36Children who receive effort praise tend to choose more challenging tasks.
06:10Giving intelligence praise reduces performance, while giving effort praise improves performance.
06:41Rewarding effort is the best way to improve performance.
07:04Rewarding identity labels can undermine performance.
07:48Parents and teachers should focus on rewarding effort, not intelligence.
