The Leibniz-Madhava formula, which relates to pi, is a circle thing despite being made up of odd numbers
The Leibniz-Madhava formula follows from the area formula of a circle and a result known as Fermat's Christmas theorem
The 4(good - bad) theorem, also known as Jacobi's two-square theorem, plays a role in understanding Fermat's Christmas theorem
The number of ways to write an integer as a sum of two squares can be determined by classifying the integer as good or bad based on its factors
The bad odd numbers cannot be written as a sum of two integer squares, while the good odd numbers can
